Bajau Deniz Çingeneleri:denizde bir yaşam için evrimleşen bir halk
Bir takımada ülkesi olarak, Endonezya sınırsız sualtı doğal kaynaklarına ve geniş karasularına sahiptir. Endonezya sularının geniş alanları, günlük hayatı deniz üzerinde olan bir kabile tarafından kullanılır. ”Bajau Deniz Çingeneleri” yada okyanus gezginleri olarak bilinirler.
Bajau halkı küçük teknelerde yaşıyor ve hiçbir zaman tek bir yere yerleşmediler. Balık yakalamak için yelken açmaya devam ederler ve sadece avlarını, kendilerinin yapamayacakları ikincil ihtiyaçları satın almak için satarlar.
Bajau Kabilesi, Güney Filipinler’deki Sulu Adaları bölgesinden geliyor. Göçebe deniz yaşamları nedeniyle, bu kabile sonunda Malezya, Brunei ve Endonezya’nın sularına yayıldı. Genellikle, bu kabilelerin en göründüğü yerler, Kalimantan’ın kuzeyindeki Maluku, Raja Ampat, Sulawesi sularında olduğu gibi Doğu Endonezya’dadır .
Deniz göçebeleri kabilesinden öğrenebileceğimiz birçok ilginç ve eşsiz şey var. Bajau, Endonezya Deniz Çingeneleri’nin yaşamı;
Bajaunun evi onların teknesi
Karada yaşayan normal insanların aksine, Bajau halkı teknelerinde yaşıyor. Bu yüzden göçebe yaşıyorlar, bir noktadan diğerine deniz etrafında hareket ediyorlar, deniz çingeneleri olarak adlandırıyorlar. Faaliyetlerini çoğunlukla teknede yapıyorlar
Balıkları yakalamak için denizin üzerinde dolaşıyorlar ve hayatın zenginliğini yaşamak için kullanıyorlar. Mükemmel denizciler olarak ünlü olmalarına şaşmamalı. Vahşi dalgalara uyum sağlayabilirler. Teknelerinde bulunan tüm eşyalar ve teçhizat, ömür boyu onların malıdır.
Bajau halkı hiçbir vatandaşa kayıtlı değildir
Üzücü olan şu ki, Bajaulara hiçbir vatandaşlık tanınmıyor. Bajau, hala Filipinler topraklarının bir parçası olan Sulu takımadalarından olmasına rağmen, Filipin hükümeti kendilerini Filipinli vatandaşlar olarak tanımak istemiyor. Malezya, Brunei ve Endonezya’da olduğu gibi.
Bir anakaraya çekilmeye çalıştıklarında, genellikle yerel halk tarafından sürüldükten kısa bir süre sonra yaşamları denize hareket etmeye devam eder. Bazı Bajau kabile gruplarına ait en az 10 dil vardır.
Bajau halkı iyi dalgıçlardır
Bajau dalış kabiliyetleriyle ünlüdür . Çünkü hayatlarının çoğu teknede ve rutinleri balık tutmaktır. Ancak Bajau halkının en iyi bilinenleri, denize her daldıklarındaki güçleri. Nefeslerini genel olarak insanlardan daha uzun süre tutabilirler.8 dakika!!
Erken yaşlardan itibaren dalış dalaklarini büyütür ve balıkçıların daha uzun süre su altında kalmasına izin verir
gelenekleri ;küçük çocukların kulak zarlarını delmek, böylece acı hissetmeden daha derine girebilmeleri
Bajau neredeyse her gün yüzüyor ve dalıyor, bu yüzden su adamı olarak da bilinirler.
Bajau’nun çoğunluğu Müslüman
Bajau halkının çoğu Müslüman. Bu dini, ataları Malezya ve Brunei sularına seyahat ettikleri için nesilden nesile öğrendiler. Bajau’nun neredeyse% 95’i Müslüman olmasına rağmen, atalarından henüz terk etmedikleri ve hala animizm ve dinamizm ile ilgili olabilecek bazı inançlar var. Bir grupta genellikle yaşlı veya şaman olarak kabul edilen ve bazen gruplarının güvenliği için ritüeller yapan bir kişi vardır.
Bajau’nun yaşamı ve ölümü denizde
Bajau halkı hayatlarının çoğunu teknede geçiriyor. Denizde doğum yaparlar ve denizde de ölürler. Her şey teknelerinde olur. Ancak çoğu Müslüman olduğu için ailelerini anakaraya gömerler. Tüm cenaze süreci genellikle gömme sürecine kadar İslami geleneği takip eder.
Bajau halkı gerçekten sanatla ilgileniyor
Denizde dolaşmak sanat bilmedikleri anlamına gelmez. Endonezya toplumunda iyi bilinen kendi sanatlarına bile sahipler. Geleneksel Bajau dansları genellikle bir düğün töreni düzenlediklerinde gerçekleştirilir. Ayrıca gelecek nesillere aktardıkları geleneksel şarkıları var. Bir teknede yaşamasına rağmen, Bajau müzik aletleri çalmayı da sever. Kullandıkları müzik aletleri “palau” (bir tür üflemeli çalgı), .
Bajau okuma yazma bilmiyor
Endonezya’nın doğu kesiminde yaşayan Bajau kabilesi hakkında başka bir gerçek daha var. Birçoğunun Endonezyaca akıcı bir şekilde konuşamadığı, bunun yerine Malayca konuştuğu ortaya çıktı. Bu, akrabalık sistemlerinin Malay halkına Endonezyalılardan daha yakın olduğunu gösteriyor.
Bajau yaşlarını bilmiyor
Deniz göçebe yaşamı, Bajau Kabilesi’nin çocukların eğitimi ile pek ilgilenmemesini sebep olur. Sonuç, elbette, çoğunluğu alfabe bilmiyor, yani okuma yazma bilmiyor. Aslında yaşları hakkında bile hiç bir şey bilmiyorlar.
Deniz Çingeneleri
August 2, 2020
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